The Subjective Theory of Beauty in Ashraf Maftoon's Poetry
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Abstract
It is necessary to explore the subjective beauty theory in Ashraf Maftoon's poetry since he is considered the founder of this theory in the poetry of the Pashto language. Moreover, he is well-thought-out to be a unique poet with his ideas. Although he has made a lot of contributions in this subject, his work is not widely researched, and his poetic work is not adequately analyzed and critiqued. However, he is one of the most influential poets in modern Pashto poetry. This paper aimed to provide the first gateway for analyzing and explaining the aesthetic theory in Ashraf Maftoon’s poetry. This study, within the context of modern aesthetic theory, was conducted using a library-based research method and was based on an analytical approach. This study concluded that Maftoon put beauty in human beings and in his/her senses and hence explained it in terms of human feelings. In addition to Jamal (beauty), he believed in the importance of Jalal (majesty or sublimity). Moreover, he was a proponent of the distinctive subjective theory.
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